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Arterial Hypertension: Definition, Diagnosis and Out-of-Office Measurement

Cardiology Definition and pathophysiology Blood pressure is a continuous cardiovascular exposure rather than a binary distinction between normotension and hypertension. Its long term relationship with…

Management of bradycardia (bradyarrhythmia)

…disability, exposure (ABCDE) approach is applicable in bradycardia (Figure 1). Cardiac output and blood pressure, rather than ECG, are the strongest predictors of adverse outcomes…

Physics of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT, PET): Radiotracers, perfusion, blood flow and viability

…at the expense of higher radiation exposure and blurrier images. The absence of thallium uptake indicates non viable myocardium, while redistribution into initially hypoperfused regions…

Vulnerable Plaque and Mechanisms of Acute Coronary Occlusion

…atherosclerotic disease. Pathophysiology Mechanisms of acute coronary syndrome The major mechanisms producing acute coronary syndromes are: Plaque rupture with exposure of thrombogenic material. Superficial plaque…

Gynaecological examination and cervical smear

Procedurer For many patients a gynaecological examination is associated with a sense of exposure, and technically correct performance is only half the task. The examination…

🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…to a significant increase in exposure to ticagrelor. Dosage: Acute Coronary Syndromes Treatment with Ticagrelor should start with a loading dose of 180 mg (two…

Spirometry

…occupational exposure to dust, gas or fumes. Preoperative assessment before thoracic or upper abdominal surgery in a patient with known lung disease. Follow up of…

Risk Factor Modification: The Evidence Base for Primary Prevention

…and mortality. Risk factor modification is therefore directed at identifying individuals at increased risk and reducing exposure to established, modifiable determinants of cardiovascular disease. The…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

…excessive beta blocker or calcium channel blocker exposure. The incidence of cardiogenic shock complicating STEMI has fallen with prompt reperfusion and reduction of infarct size…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…salicylate poisoning, intubation with an inadequate minute ventilation can rapidly worsen the acidaemia and increase the entry of salicylate into the central nervous system. Discuss…

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