…device damage. Oversensing is more likely with unipolar leads. Electrocautery is the most frequent source of EMI, although radiofrequency procedures, nerve stimulators, and other electronic…

…Thus, with regards to measuring ventricular dimensions, trabeculae and papillary muscles are considered part of the left ventricular cavity. Other dimensions– including atrial dimensions, mitral…

…haemorrhage control) planned in advance. A history of a severe transfusion reaction: contact transfusion medicine before transfusing again. Preparation and equipment Compatibility testing Test What…

…mortality, but most of the evidence was observational and the results must not be taken to mean that an electronic alert replaces clinical judgement [5]…

…patient (blue) and the corresponding high risk morph (red). Beyond the difference in R wave amplitude, note the slurred terminal portion of the R wave…

…Previous quit attempts and their duration. Triggers for smoking and anticipated barriers to cessation. Exposure to second hand smoke. Use of cannabis, electronic cigarettes or…

…of the leads. External causes are less common and include electrolyte disorders, metabolic disorders, hypoxemia, antiarrhythmic drugs, or electromagnetic disturbance caused by other machines/devices…

…myocardium. Components of an artificial pacemaker Pacemakers consist of an implantable pulse generator (IPG) , which contains the electronics, a battery , and one or two leads …

…includes pre programmed algorithms and settings, which can be tailored to the patient's needs. Programming is done through an external device that communicates wirelessly…

…gamma cameras to create tomographic images of the left ventricle. In PET (Positron Emission Tomography), radiotracers emit positrons. When a positron collides with an electron…

…Cardioversion : Use of synchronized electric shock (i.e. a shock synchronized to the QRS complex). Typically used to treat atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and other…

…basis of the ECG leads The movement of charged particles generates an electric current. In electrocardiology, these charged particles are represented by intracellular and extracellular…

…When the reflected sound hits the piezoelectric crystals, they begin to vibrate and generate electric currents, which are transmitted to the ultrasound machine for analysis…

…has a protective function, and the commonest complication of ear syringing is that someone syringes an ear that did not need syringing. The second commonest…

…International System of Units is used throughout this book. This includes the base units metre (length), kilogram (mass), second (time), ampere (electric current) and Kelvin…

…with varying shades of one color (usually gray). This is possible because the vibrations in the piezoelectric crystals, and thus the electric current they send…