…syndrome (CCS). Whether and how PCI was performed. The need for non cardiac surgery. The presence of an indication for oral anticoagulation (OAC). Clinical context…

…lead configuration when records are incomplete. A full device check should be available within the recommended interval before elective surgery. In the absence of malfunction…

…surgery on the oesophagus or upper gastrointestinal tract, ileus and ongoing upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Marked agitation or inability to cooperate. Copious secretions without an effective…

…contrast, within selected high risk populations, prevalence may be sufficiently high for targeted screening to be cost effective. For asymptomatic stenosis of at least 70%…

…Atrial fibrillation with onset during hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis), alcohol overdose, thoracic surgery, acute myocardial infarction, pericarditis/myocarditis or pulmonary embolism is often a reversible arrhythmia with…

…Predictive Value : While effective in PCI treated patients, its predictive ability is less robust in CABG treated patients, as surgery can bypass complex lesions irrespective…

…days to attain a steady state concentration before further adjusting the dose. Electrophysiology Sotalol prolongs the effective refractory periods of the atrium, atrioventricular (AV) node…

…Age related degenerative disease (fibrosis) Myocardial ischemia/infarction Lesions due to heart surgery Myocarditis Collagen disease Amyloidosis Risk of supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (tachycardia) Sinus node dysfunction…

…Sodium imbalance Neither hyponatremia nor hypernatremia typically cause discernible ECG changes. Hyponatremia Effective management of hyponatremia requires careful identification of its etiology, severity (Table 2)…

…excitation with atrial fibrillation and a very rapid ventricular rate. Elective or subacute: Symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation where rhythm control is the aim. Atrial flutter…