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Interpreting NT-proBNP and BNP in Clinical Decision-Making

…both reduced clearance and the high prevalence of structural heart disease in this population. Obesity is associated with lower than expected BNP and NT proBNP…

Lumbar puncture

…the threshold, but the threshold varies between regions. Infection of the skin over the puncture site. Marked haemodynamic instability — stabilise the patient first. CT before…

Ventricular Tachycardia

…bundles of myocytes that form the slow conducting isthmuses critical for re entry [6] . Non ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NICM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and arrhythmogenic right…

Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, management & ECG

…back, upper abdomen, and left or right arm. Onset and evolution How do symptoms start (suddenly or gradually)? When did the patient first note the…

Short Synacthen test

…cortisol assay, whether the samples were taken at the right times, and whether you know which decision threshold your own laboratory's method uses. In…

Endotracheal intubation

Procedurer What determines the outcome of an emergency intubation is rarely the laryngoscopy itself but what was done before it: how well the patient was…

Coronary Anatomy and Segmental Classification for the Clinician

…whereas contemporary decision making increasingly combines anatomical imaging with functional assessment. A central practical principle is that the visual severity of a stenosis does not…

ECG parameters

…to adults in sinus rhythm, recorded at a paper speed of 50 mm/s with 1 mV = 10 mm. At 50 mm/s a…

Pulmonary embolism: quick reference for risk stratification and treatment

…an already strained right ventricle. Clinical probability in the stable patient The Wells criteria for pulmonary embolism: Criterion Points : : Clinical signs of deep vein thrombosis…

Deceased donor organ donation

…and respect is also what makes the decision hold afterwards. Organ preserving treatment — treatment given solely for the sake of the donation — may continue for…

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