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Exercise stress test on cycle ergometer

…of rebound. The referring physician should have made this decision; document which applies. Nitroglycerin is continued; note it in the report. Shaving and careful skin…

Lumbar puncture

…the threshold, but the threshold varies between regions. Infection of the skin over the puncture site. Marked haemodynamic instability — stabilise the patient first. CT before…

Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, management & ECG

ECG Myocardial ischemia and infarction Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, evaluation and management Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms…

Pre-test Probability and Selection of Non-invasive Testing in Stable Angina

…chest CT, can modify the estimated likelihood of atherosclerotic obstructive CAD. CAC is therefore not merely an incidental imaging finding; it can refine the decision…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…8. Document the ceiling of care and the decision on intubation early. Initial assessment Confirm that the presentation fits an exacerbation A COPD exacerbation is…

ECG parameters

…to adults in sinus rhythm, recorded at a paper speed of 50 mm/s with 1 mV = 10 mm. At 50 mm/s a…

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: quick reference

…Give small boluses, for example 250 to 500 mL, with immediate reassessment of the blood pressure, pulse, peripheral perfusion, mental state and chest findings. Avoid

Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring: Prognostic Use in Practice

…lower risk individuals with a family history of premature coronary artery disease. CAC findings incidentally identified on a chest CT performed for another indication can…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…hypertensive encephalopathy and should prompt consideration of stroke. Acute ischemic or intracerebral haemorrhage may coexist with severe hypertension. The decision to lower BP in acute…

Hyperkalaemia: quick reference for emergency treatment

…or a very strong clinical suspicion. 3. Give intravenous calcium in the presence of hyperkalaemic ECG changes or arrhythmia. 4. Shift potassium into the cells…

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