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Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

…A non B dissection , which involves the arch without involvement of the ascending aorta or represents retrograde extension from the descending aorta into the arch…

🟠 Adjusted aortic root dimension

…mm (ascending aorta, aortic arch) All individuals 60 mm (descending aorta) All individuals Risk factors : previous dissection, family history of dissection, severe aortic regurgitation or…

Acute Aortic Syndromes: Intramural Haematoma and Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer

…chest and/or back pain is the predominant symptom of both IMH and PAU. PAU pain may resemble the abrupt pain of classic aortic dissection…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…Cardiac surgery and other iatrogenic cardiovascular procedures Acute aortic disease, particularly ascending or type A aortic dissection Myocardial free wall rupture after infarction Anticoagulant associated…

Assessment of diastolic function by echocardiography

…The pulsed Doppler beam can be positioned using color Doppler (to visualize the direction of flow) and continuous Doppler (to locate the maximum flow velocities)…

T-waves in ischemia: hyperacute, inverted (negative), Wellen's sign & de Winter's sign

… the slope of the descending limb is slightly steeper than the ascending limb. A rather detailed reference regarding the direction of T waves follows: I…

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…Findings: The sudden onset of symptoms coupled with diaphoresis should always raise concern for a cardiovascular cause [4]. 2. Aortic Dissection Pain Characteristics: The classic…

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection

…Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an acute coronary disorder caused by separation within the coronary arterial wall, usually through formation of an intramural haematoma…

Vulnerable Plaque and Mechanisms of Acute Coronary Occlusion

…exposure of thrombogenic material. Superficial plaque erosion. Thrombosis associated with a calcified nodule. Epicardial or microvascular coronary spasm. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Coronary embolism of…

Exercise stress test on cycle ergometer

…symptomatic arrhythmia. Symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Decompensated heart failure. Acute pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis. Acute myocarditis, pericarditis or endocarditis. Acute aortic dissection. Physical…

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