…either LCX or the right coronary artery (RCA). For details, refer to chapter The Coronary Arteries. Mitral valve disease A wide range of conditions may…

…Rheumatic heart disease. Dilatation of the right ventricle. Dilatation of the right atrium. Pulmonary hypertension. Left to right shunt. Right ventricular dysfunction due to pressure…

…who are otherwise healthy. The majority of those with LAFB, however, have significant heart disease. Myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy…

…addresses posterior infarction primarily in the context of suspected acute coronary syndrome and acute myocardial ischaemia. Patients may present with acute chest pain or chest…

…duration of 120 ms (0.12 s) or more is required to diagnose a complete left bundle branch block . In addition to prolonged QRS duration…

…aVF (with QRS duration <0.12 seconds), provided that other causes of right axis deviation have been excluded. Causes of left axis deviation Left bundle…

…aVF (with QRS duration <0.12 seconds), provided that other causes of right axis deviation have been excluded. Causes of left axis deviation Left bundle…

…it. A small (under 10 mm), loculated or purely posterior effusion with no safe route for puncture — surgical drainage or pericardiotomy instead. Relative: uncorrected coagulopathy…

…depolarization of the right ventricle relies on electrical impulses originating from the left ventricle. However, these impulses propagate slowly as they travel partially or entirely…

…subcutis. 5. Lift the specimen gently with a needle tip or fine forceps applied to its edge , not by gripping across the whole biopsy, and…