…Deepest outcome trial evidence base of any physiological index; lesion specific and largely independent of resting hemodynamics; guideline reference standard. Requires pressure wire + vasodilator (cost…

…centimetres beyond the planned ends of the cast. 3. Pad evenly , 2–3 layers with about 50 per cent overlap, and add extra padding over…

…the pericardium becomes inelastic and rigid, which limits the dilatation. It allows the pericardium to limit the filling of the chambers when the volumes become…

…square of height in meters. BMI is relevant for medical prognostication as it serves as a quick, low cost, and reliable screening tool for body…

…artery can also be sought anterior to the lateral malleolus. Calculation: for each leg, the highest of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pressures is…

…Warfarin has a narrow therapeutic index, a half life of several days and more than a hundred clinically relevant interactions. What determines whether the treatment…

…screening to be cost effective. For asymptomatic stenosis of at least 70%, the reported 5 year ipsilateral stroke risk is 14.6%, and revascularisation may…

…a growing body of science suggests that essential hypertension is a multifactorial disease caused by a complex interplay between genes and environment. Industrialization and a…

…the energy cost of physical activity. One metabolic equivalent (1 MET) is defined as the amount of oxygen consumed while sitting at rest and is…

…potential drug interactions, the presumed mechanism of ischaemia, patient preferences, local availability, and cost. The pathophysiological substrate of angina may differ between patients. Myocardial ischaemia…

…flow commensurate with the body’s requirements or can do so only at the cost of elevated filling pressures. Congestion and elevated filling pressures produce…

…against interleukin 1β, provided proof of concept but was not developed for routine coronary prevention because of fatal infections and high cost. Low dose…

…effective, terminating well over 99% of the ventricular arrhythmias they detect. It lies instead in patient selection. Because implantation entails appreciable cost and procedural risk…

…5 µg/mL, though greater arrhythmia suppression may occur up to 3.5 µg/mL at the cost of increased toxicity risk. In routine clinical…