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Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…medial thinning, destruction of muscular and elastic tissue, fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina, and superimposed platelet and fibrin rich thrombus. Lesions preferentially occur at…

Care after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

…The causes of death among these patients are complications related to PACS: 60% die from neurological injuries. 30% die from hemodynamic failure and multiorgan dysfunction…

🟠 ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Bleeding Risk Score

…of ATRIA risk score. Comparison with other bleeding risk models Several bleeding risk assessment tools exist for patients with AF, including HAS BLED, HEMORR2HAGES, and…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…definitions, and institutional practice. Complications are more frequent during PCI than during purely diagnostic angiography. Elective PCI has reported mortality of 0.1–0.3%…

Hypertension: Causes, investigations, complications & treatment

…often necessary to normalize blood pressure. Management of hypertension requires careful consideration of other cardiovascular risk factors and coexisting conditions. Therapy must be tailored to…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…front , and this is why the margin must be included in the freeze. Contraindications Absolute: Suspected melanoma or any other pigmented lesion of uncertain diagnosis…

NSTEMI: Risk Stratification and Timing of the Invasive Strategy

…however, increase peri procedural complications and bleeding. Clinical presentation The available source material does not provide a detailed description of the presenting symptoms of NSTEMI…

Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…infarction and limb threatening complications. Among patients with established peripheral artery disease, those who stop smoking have approximately twice the five year survival of those…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

…accounting for approximately 80% of cases. Other causes include acute mechanical complications—particularly ventricular septal defect (VSD) and papillary muscle rupture with acute severe mitral…

🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…Interactions Pharmacodynamic interactions Anticoagulants, thrombolytics, or other platelet aggregation inhibitors: Salicylates inhibit platelet function and enhance the effect of anticoagulants, increasing bleeding risk. Monitor coagulation…

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