…12 \times \text{BSA} ) ≥40 years : ( \text{SOVd} = 1.92 + 0.74 \times \text{BSA} ) Definition of aortic aneurysm Sinus of Valsalva 45 mm…

…most frequent cause, comprising approximately 20–25% of secondary hypertension cases. Coarctation of the aorta and renovascular disease are important non endocrine causes, particularly in…

…valve Coarctation of the aorta Previous aortic trauma Pregnancy, particularly the third trimester Weightlifting Cocaine use Deceleration injury Systemic hypertension coexists in approximately 70% of…

…leads. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) The most common causes of left ventricular hypertrophy are aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, hypertension, cardiomyopathy and coarctation of the aorta…

…variable if excentric Coaptation defect mild moderate severe CW profile aortic regurgitation weak variable dense Size left atrium normal normal or enlarged enlarged Size left…

…mm/m2 Sinuses of Valsalva 29 45 mm 15 20 mm/m2 Sinotubular junction 22 36 mm 13 17 mm/m2 Ascending aorta 22 36…

…Poor coaptation leads to regurgitation. Mitral stenosis Mitral stenosis is defined as a narrowing of the mitral valve orifice. There are many causes of mitral…

…mobility and coaptation of the leaflets are assessed visually in multiple views. It should be noted that imaging of the right ventricle requires an experienced…

…early termination of diastolic flow Jet width colour Doppler small,, < 10 mm length, narrow origin variable large, wide origin Ratio pulmonic to aortic flow…

…3), cm 7.1–7.9 8.0–8.5 8.6–9.1 9.2 RVOT DIAMETER Above aortic valve (RVOT 1), cm 2…