…fluid and a vasopressor according to the sepsis pathway when needed 9 Contact the haematologist or oncologist. Contact an infectious diseases physician early in a…

…then 100 mg × 1 5–7 days Epiglottitis and other severe upper airway infection cefotaxime 1–2 g × 3 IV Depends on the diagnosis Always…

…three hours. The evidence for an absolute one hour requirement is clearest in septic shock and less certain in sepsis without shock [3,4]. The…

…individual assessment; certain tumour types are not a bar). Untreated generalised infection, or certain transmissible agents according to the current transmission risk assessment. In DCD…

…Gault Still used in certain dosing recommendations — it gives clearance, not GFR Iohexol clearance The reference method for cytotoxic drug dosing and donor assessment For…

…the poison control centre recommends it, for example certain phenoxy acid herbicides (2,4 D, MCPA) and methotrexate overdose. Tumour lysis syndrome appears as an…

…advanced age, and the use of certain medications or alcohol. Interpretation of HAS BLED score A score of 0 1 indicates low risk A score…

…Conversely, certain macroreentrant atrial tachycardias (MRATs) that traverse protected anatomical areas may display a focal atrial tachycardia pattern on the ECG, characterized by discrete P…

…obstructive sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Moreover, certain other tachyarrhythmias predispose to developing atrial fibrillation: atrial flutter, AVNRT and AVRT (pre excitation…

…hence rhythm and contractility. Yet, in a significant number of cases, the rhythm is non shockable, as seen in certain causes of cardiac arrest (e…

…branches. Tachycardia can cause AV blocks during or after the tachycardia episode. Under certain circumstances, bradycardia can actually reduce conduction through the AV node, resulting…

…of chronotropic and inotropic agents. Radiotracers are employed to evaluate myocardial perfusion by measuring the intensity of their uptake within the myocardium. Furthermore, certain radiotracers…

…pulsed wave Doppler sends and analyses sound waves sequentially. The ultrasound machine is programmed to ignore all signals, except those reflected from a certain depth…

…markedly enlarged left atrium, marked hyperthyroidism or an untreated underlying cause make recurrence all but certain and argue against elective cardioversion. Anticoagulation before cardioversion After…

…refractory fluid overload, uraemic symptoms (pericarditis, encephalopathy) and certain poisonings. Early initiation without an absolute indication has not been shown to improve survival. Parameter Guide…

…diet, and certain medications, potentially impacting the accuracy of eGFR estimations. Ethnic and racial Variations: The equation includes adjustments for race, particularly for individuals of…

…18 mg are unlikely to revert a tachycardia and should not be used. Specific dosing adjustments are required in certain patient populations: Pediatric patients: For…

…when certain clinical conditions are present. These include diabetes mellitus, familial hypercholesterolaemia, established CVD, moderate or severe CKD, or HMOD. Variables incorporated into SCORE2 and…

…cardiomyopathies, and severe valvular heart disease. Type 2 MI and non ischaemic myocardial injury may coexist, and certain disease entities can span both categories; for…

…The genetic mechanisms underlying hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are complicated and some gene variants may only cause hypertrophy under certain loading conditions (i.e in the presence…

…which means that the machine emits ultrasound waves with a certain frequency and subsequently records reflected sound waves at double the frequency of the emitted…

…possible. The ultrasonic machine has controls to adjust width and depth. It is also possible to adjust the frame rate to a certain extent. The…

…relationship between ESV and left ventricular volume. The EDPVR curve shows that the left ventricle can withstand large pressure increases but at a certain threshold…

…shape and is firmly attached to two fifths of the circumference of the mitral annulus. The aorto mitral curtain separates the aortic valve and the…