Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and scope Inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are immune mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) that include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, systemic…

…Hepatocellular ALT and AST ↑↑, ALP normal Viral hepatitis, drugs, alcohol, autoimmune hepatitis, ischaemic hepatitis, steatohepatitis Cholestatic ALP and GGT ↑↑, bilirubin ↑ Gallstones, stricture…

…disease, caused by infections (viral, bacterial, protozoal, fungal, parasitic), autoimmune processes (giant cell myocarditis, sarcoidosis, rheumatic heart disease, connective tissue disease, eosinophilic myocarditis), toxins (alcohol…

…infection. Suspected inflammatory disease: multiple sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, autoimmune encephalitis. Meningeal carcinomatosis and CNS involvement in haematological malignancy. Investigation of dementia with biomarkers (amyloid…

…the free edge of the pinna. Autoimmune disease with Raynaud's phenomenon. Preparation and equipment Liquid nitrogen in a flask (−196 °C) and a cryospray…

…Systemic sclerosis, kidney disease, autoimmune disease or previous thrombotic microangiopathy. Antidepressants can affect the blood pressure in several ways. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors can cause a…

…The cardiovascular burden in women includes coronary heart disease, heart failure and stroke; the lifetime risk for a 40 year old woman has been estimated…

…are other considerations when assessing chest pain [2]. Autoimmune/Malignancy: A history suggesting an autoimmune disorder or known malignancy may suggest specific, nonidiopathic etiologies [2]…