…the ultrasound velocity in the tissue (c) and the cosine of the angle between the direction of blood flow and the reflected ultrasound wave (cos…

…60% of the end diastolic volume can be ejected to the aorta. Figure 3. Myocardial contraction (shortening) occurs in three directions: longitudinally, radially and c

…Tumors can be localized in the myocardium, pericardium, perivalvular (adjacent to the valves), etc. Cardiac tumors cause nonspecific symptoms that depend on the size of…

…over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint prosthesis in the adjacent joint. Known hypersensitivity to the preparations. Relative: Poorly…

…effect of the lesion. The apparent percentage stenosis is calculated relative to an adjacent reference segment presumed to be relatively normal. This assumption may be…

…circumferential shortening (Figure 1C). Left ventricular function depends on a complex interaction between the muscle fibers in these layers, which collectively produces a highly efficient…

…for expanding the tampon. Topical tranexamic acid on a pledget or as a solution has a good effect in anterior bleeding. Raise the chair so…

…on multiple imaging planes. Location adjacent to hyperkinetic myocardium. Large thrombus burden. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can further characterize thrombus morphology and may assist in…

…which spreads through the myocardium like a wavefront in water. Specific ion channels located on the cell membranes open and close during de and repolarization…

…by a repolarization (recovery). The action potential occurs in all cardiac cells but its appearance varies depending on cell type. During de and repolarization ions…