…Lathundar Definition and aims of treatment Convulsive status epilepticus in adults is present with: an ongoing generalised tonic clonic seizure lasting at least 5 minutes…

…resulting in obstruction. Central nervous system (CNS) injuries might cause apnea or hypoventilation. Respiratory conditions : Tension pneumothorax Drowning Airway obstruction Hanging Pneumonia High altitude sickness…

…abnormal tachyarrhythmia (only sinus tachycardia is more common). The prevalence of atrial fibrillation correlates strongly with age. Approximately 10% of individuals aged 80 years and…

…can be treated with ticagrelor for up to 12 months. Use with caution in patients at risk for bradycardia (slow heart rate). Central sleep apnea…

…decades, the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity was siloed, with clinicians focusing primarily on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reduction, blood pressure, lipids…

…shown in Table 1, BLS is an exceptionally effective treatment, with a very low number needed to treat (NNT), indicating high effectiveness. Although BLS is…

…In patients presenting with intermittent symptoms of bradycardia, it is fundamental to establish a temporal correlation between the symptoms and ECG recordings confirming a bradyarrhythmia…

…hour Holter or 7 day recording About once a month Thumb ECG or event recorder, 2–4 weeks Less often, with syncope Implantable loop recorder…

…Concurrent MAO inhibitor, particularly with pethidine. Caution: untreated sleep apnoea, a concurrent benzodiazepine or gabapentinoid, marked hypovolaemia, head injury with impaired consciousness, biliary tract disease…

…and from secondary prevention, which addresses patients with established disease to reduce recurrent events and mortality. Risk factor modification is therefore directed at identifying individuals…

…delaying treatment. 10. Call anaesthetics and intensive care early with life threatening features or an inadequate response. First line treatment is oxygen in hypoxaemia, repeated…

…the emergency situation. Consider alternatives when: Intubation is not consistent with the treatment plan — check any decision to limit treatment when time allows. There is…

…dyslipidaemia and systemic inflammation. It is also associated with respiratory disorders, notably obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome, which further increase cardiovascular burden…

…adults with confirmed hypertension by measuring renin and aldosterone, although the strongest indications arise in patients with resistant or severe hypertension and associated clinical features…