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Reduction of dislocations

…status, the ASA class and the airway beforehand. Procedure Anterior shoulder dislocation The commonest of all dislocations. There is a hollow beneath the acromion, the…

Post-Infarction Mechanical Complications: Ventricular Septal, Free-Wall, and Papillary Muscle Rupture

…age. Female sex. Hypertension. Absence of an adequate collateral circulation. A first or anterior infarction. Single vessel disease without collateral support. Chronic kidney disease, particularly…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…pinches the nasal bone instead of the soft part, and lets go after two minutes. Management is a ladder — compression, cautery, anterior packing — and each…

Fascicular block (hemiblock): Left anterior & left posterior fascicular block

…conduction defect. Roughly 7% of cases progress to bifascicular block (which means that the LAFB is accompanied by a right bundle branch block), while 3…

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR/TI)

Echocardiography Tricuspid regurgitation The tricuspid valve separates the right ventricle and the right atrium. It normally consists of three leaflets (anterior, posterior and septal leaflet…

Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Revascularisation Strategy

…a lesion proximal to the first septal perforator of the left anterior descending artery was associated with lower five year survival than a more distal…

Left Ventricular Thrombus After Myocardial Infarction

…with extensive anterior or transmural infarction, apical dysfunction, LV aneurysm formation, and reduced LV systolic function. The principal mechanisms are the combination of an abnormal…

ECG manifestations of left main coronary artery (LMCA) occlusion and critical stenosis

…is a rare but catastrophic manifestation of acute coronary syndromes. The LMCA supplies a large myocardial territory through the left anterior descending (LAD) and left…

Mitral valve stenosis

…segments referred to as A1 (anterior segment), A2 (middle segment), and A3 (posterior segment) (Figure 1). The posterior leaflet of the mitral valve has a…

The Cabrera format of the 12-lead ECG and inverted lead aVR

…from right anterior (V1) to left lateral (V6), but regrettably, the limb leads are not. Instead, the limb leads are displayed in two groups of…

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