Procedurer Almost all the complications of pleural aspiration arise from two errors: the needle is placed in the wrong site, and too much is drained…

Procedurer Almost all nosebleeds arise from Kiesselbach's plexus on the anterior septum and stop with correctly performed compression. The reason compression nevertheless so often…

Echocardiography Tissue Doppler (Tissue Velocity Imaging) Previous chapters on Doppler imaging have all focused on measurements of blood flow. However, the Doppler effect can also…

…cardiovascular prevention and treatment. It is associated with lower cardiovascular and all cause mortality and with reduced incidence or burden of hypertension, type 2 diabetes…

…Myocardial infarction is virtually synonymous with left ventricular infarction . All myocardial infarctions affect the left ventricle. Right ventricular infarction is uncommon but may occur if…

…regardless of the appearance of the QRS complex. All positive waves are referred to as R waves. The first positive wave is simply an "R…

…the result of chronic inflammation of the pericardium. In principle, all causes of pericarditis can result in constrictive pericarditis. In high income countries, idiopathic pericarditis…

…improve above all the logistics, the communication and the simultaneous delivery of red cells, plasma and platelets. Observational data from trauma suggest a lower overall…

…Creatinine Clearance : Reduced renal function increases risk. Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) : Lower LVEF is associated with worse outcomes. Unprotected Left Main Disease : Increases complexity…

…the left ventricle predisposes to atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. In advanced alcohol related cardiomyopathy, dilation may involve all four cardiac chambers. Associated findings can in

…will learn all about the normal ECG, normal variants and diagnosis of pathological findings. A total of 8 lessons will guide you through all the…

The ECG book is a comprehensive e-book, covering all aspects of clinical ECG interpretation, and will take you from cell to bedside.