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Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…serious arrhythmia or acute heart failure. Routine opening of a persistently occluded infarct related artery in a stable and asymptomatic patient is by contrast not…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…messages Two things set the COPD exacerbation apart from many other causes of acute dyspnoea: oxygen must be titrated cautiously and the blood gas determines…

Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

…Definition and staging according to KDIGO Acute kidney injury is present when at least one of the following criteria is met [1]: A rise in…

Acute severe asthma in adults: quick reference

…of breathing, level of consciousness and PEF improve at the same time. Acute severe asthma is characterised by bronchospasm, mucosal oedema and mucus plugging. Expiratory…

Acute stroke and thrombolysis: quick reference

Neurologi Akutsjukvård Lathundar About this quick reference This is a practical quick reference for emergency physicians in suspected acute ischaemic stroke. It covers time windows…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

Neurologi Akutsjukvård Lathundar Rapid overview Acute dizziness is managed most safely by first establishing the time course and precipitating circumstances , and then selecting a targeted…

Acute Aortic Syndromes: Intramural Haematoma and Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer

…A IMH: involves the ascending aorta. Type B IMH: involves the descending aorta distal to the left subclavian artery. Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer PAU is focal…

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Definitions and Initial Triage

…in symptoms or clinical signs, with or without diagnostic electrocardiographic abnormalities and with or without an acute rise in cardiac troponin. The spectrum ranges from…

Acute Limb Ischaemia: Recognition and Urgent Management

…medicine Emergency medicine Definition and pathophysiology Acute limb ischaemia (ALI) is an abrupt reduction in arterial perfusion of an upper or lower limb that causes…

Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Risk Stratification and Reperfusion

Cardiology Emergency medicine Definition and pathophysiology Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is classified according to haemodynamic status, clinical severity, evidence of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, and…

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