…it further. Starting doses in acute pain in an opioid naive adult Agent Route Starting dose Comment : : : : Morphine IV 2.5–5 mg, repeated after…

ECG Myocardial ischemia and infarction Use of ECG in acute coronary syndromes & chest pain patients An ECG must be performed on all patients seeking medical…

…affect the myocardium or major vessels. 1. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) / Myocardial Ischemia Pain Characteristics: Typically presents as substernal discomfort, often described as pressure, tightness…

…select a safe disposition and diagnostic strategy. Only a minority of patients presenting with acute chest pain ultimately have ACS; reported rates are generally 5…

…patterns suggesting acute coronary occlusion are time dependent conditions. The decision on immediate reperfusion is based on symptoms, the ECG and haemodynamics. Do not wait…

…35 with raised pCO₂ Acute or acute on chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure Rapidly falling pH An urgent ventilatory problem Focal chest pain or unilaterally reduced…

…4. Measure the blood pressure in both arms at the first assessment, particularly in chest pain, back pain or suspected acute aortic syndrome. 5. Use…

…separate from MI. It refers to cardiac troponin release that does not fulfil the criteria for ischaemic myocardial infarction. It may be acute, when serial…

…tolerance. Indications Acute severe nociceptive pain where paracetamol and a COX inhibitor are not enough: fracture, renal colic, ischaemic pain, pancreatitis, major trauma. Postoperative pain…

…and Symptoms Acute chest and/or back pain is the predominant symptom of both IMH and PAU. PAU pain may resemble the abrupt pain of…