…ALT 50 × the upper limit of normal: paracetamol poisoning, ischaemic hepatitis ("shock liver") or acute viral hepatitis. The three are distinguished by the history and…

…or a large area of myocardium at risk. Over 48 hours: urgent PCI is still indicated with continuing ischaemia, shock, serious arrhythmia or acute heart…

…acute on chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure Rapidly falling pH An urgent ventilatory problem Focal chest pain or unilaterally reduced breath sounds Consider pneumothorax New arrhythmia…

…a postrenal cause cannot confidently be excluded. 10. Contact nephrology early in severe, progressive or diagnostically unclear AKI. Definition and staging according to KDIGO Acute…

…improvement only if air entry, speech, work of breathing, level of consciousness and PEF improve at the same time. Acute severe asthma is characterised by…

…Acute overview 1. Activate the stroke call. 2. Establish the time of symptom onset or the time last known to be well. 3. Assess airway…

…practical rule is: Continuous acute dizziness with spontaneous nystagmus: consider HINTS plus, but only if the examiner is trained. Brief attacks triggered by the position…

…hypertension, and concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms Acute chest and/or back pain is the predominant symptom of both IMH and PAU…

…acute myocardial ischaemia. It includes patients with recent changes in symptoms or clinical signs, with or without diagnostic electrocardiographic abnormalities and with or without an…

…states or iatrogenic vascular injury. Acute occlusion may also occur in an artery with established collateral circulation, particularly an occluded bypass graft; in such cases…