…are not overfilled in acute volume loads. Pericardial Effusion: fluid in the pericardial space Normally, the pericardial sac contains 25 to 50 ml of liquid…

…to dilation of the mitral annulus and papillary muscle displacement (i.e the distance between the papillary muscle and the mitral annulus increases), both of…

…and symptoms Symptoms of congestion Dyspnea is the dominant presenting symptom in acute decompensated heart failure and occurs in more than 90% of patients presenting…

…diminishes in parallel with increasing myocardial load (and hence oxygen demand). The most common causes of acute aortic regurgitation are aortic dissection , endocarditis and trauma …

…ventricle, which is counteracted by dilatation of the ventricle. Dilatation of the right ventricle results in reduced intraventricular pressure and thereby reduced myoardial load. Pulmonary…

…In patients with suspected or established non ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, stress testing may be considered after at least 24 hours of stabilization…

…left ventricular dilation may precede the development of increased left ventricular hypertrophy and mass. Initially, myocardial abnormalities may be subclinical. Progressive dilation can subsequently impair…

…or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent signs of acute organ damage or failure. Any of the drugs listed below may be used to treat…

…or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent signs of acute organ damage or failure. Any of the drugs listed below may be used to treat…

…of myocardium at risk. Over 48 hours: urgent PCI is still indicated with continuing ischaemia, shock, serious arrhythmia or acute heart failure. Routine opening of…