…of recurrent congestion and hospitalization. Clinical presentation and symptoms Symptoms of congestion Dyspnea is the dominant presenting symptom in acute decompensated heart failure and occurs…

…LV systolic function LV contractile reserve Valve function and stress related haemodynamic changes Diastolic function Pulmonary hypertension Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) Pulmonary congestion detected…

…receptors and induces vasodilation in coronary, renal, cerebral and mesenteric vessels. Few Dopamine medium dose Cardiogenic shock Vasodilatory shock Heart failure (HF), acute Heart failure…

…receptors and induces vasodilation in coronary, renal, cerebral and mesenteric vessels. Few Dopamine medium dose Cardiogenic shock Vasodilatory shock Heart failure (HF), acute Heart failure…

…Heart failure, acute or chronic. Bradycardia (second line option). 3.0–10.0 μg/kg/min + ++++ + +++++ Intermediate dose dopamine activates β1, releases noradrenaline and…

…absolute: patient phenotype, risk factors for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, echocardiographic findings, and left atrial size must also be considered. Patients with mPAP…

…confined to a single lesion. Consequently, local revascularization must be accompanied by systemic treatment aimed at stabilizing the broader atherosclerotic disease. Pathophysiology Mechanisms of acute…

…of an acute myocardial infarction during long term follow up. Moreover, several potentially high risk plaques may coexist within one coronary tree, and inflammatory activity…

…the combined use of aspirin and an oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitor. It is central to the prevention of platelet mediated coronary thrombosis after acute coronary…

… congestive heart failure or other cardiac dysfunction; haemodynamic instability; anaemia; multiple myeloma or other renal disease; hepatic disease; concurrent nephrotoxic drugs, including NSAIDs; and repeated…