Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and Clinical Rationale Physical activity comprises bodily movement that increases energy expenditure, including walking, household tasks, active commuting and recreational activities…

…talk. Otherwise ordinary activities, including work. No showering or bathing. A diary of going to bed, getting up, medication intake, symptoms and any unusual activities…

…tests Ability to perform activities of daily living Cognitive status Risk of falls Symptoms or history suggesting orthostatic hypotension Multimorbidity Polypharmacy and overall therapeutic burden…

…atherosclerosis is the predominant cause. Other mechanisms include thrombosis, embolism, vasculitis, fibromuscular dysplasia, arterial entrapment, cystic adventitial disease and trauma. Atherosclerotic PAD is a manifestation…

…despite multiple antianginal agents and prior revascularization procedures. In many patients, the burden is sufficiently severe to limit ordinary activities and substantially impair quality of…

…NO) that induces vasodilatation of both arterioles and veins via generation of cyclic GMP, which then activates calcium sensitive potassium channels in the cell membrane…

…the extracellular surface of cardiac cells. Through the guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins Gi and Go, adenosine activates potassium channels (IK.Ach, K.Ado) in a…

…0 μg/kg/min. + ++++ + +++++ Medium dose dopamine activates β1, releases norepinephrine and thus increases contractility, chronotropy and mild increase in SVR. Ventricular arrhythmias Myocardial…

…arterioles and veins) via generation of cyclic GMP, which then activates calcium sensitive potassium channels in the cell membrane. Nitroglycerin is similar in action and…

…B and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP). Bempedoic acid also activates adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase, which regulates substrates involved in lipid metabolism and…

…and induces peripheral vasodilation through cardiac myofilament calcium sensitisation. This process is achieved via calcium dependent binding to troponin C during systole. Simultaneously, levosimendan activates…

…impulse through the atria and – via the atrioventricular node – to the ventricles. As the impulse spreads through the myocardium, it activates the cells which respond…

…0 μg/kg/min. + ++++ + +++++ Medium dose dopamine activates β1, releases norepinephrine and thus increases contractility, chronotropy and mild increase in SVR. Ventricular arrhythmias Myocardial…

…line option). 3.0–10.0 μg/kg/min + ++++ + +++++ Intermediate dose dopamine activates β1, releases noradrenaline and thereby increases contractility and chronotropy, with a…

…of the membrane potential. Cardiac electromechanical coupling Depolarization activates the myocardial cells and induces cellular processes that lead to cell contraction. The spread of an…