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No-Reflow Phenomenon During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Prevention and Treatment

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology No reflow is impaired anterograde myocardial perfusion despite the absence of a flow limiting epicardial coronary stenosis. It…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…infarction HINTS in continuous vertigo HINTS is not a test for BPPV. It is used in the acute vestibular syndrome — continuous vertigo with spontaneous nystagmus…

Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: Causes, Work-up and Management

…management is different. Takotsubo syndrome and myocarditis should not be classified as MINOCA when they are established as the explanation for the presentation. Clinical presentation…

Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…sign of brain death. However, the absence of pupillary light reflex immediately post cardiac arrest is more equivocal. Various pharmaceutical agents, including epinephrine—administered to…

Terminology of sudden cardiac arrest and resuscitation

…in loss of consciousness, cessation of breathing, and absence of a palpable pulse. Ventricular contraction has ceased or unable to generate perfusion. SCD (sudden cardiac…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…body reaching the stroma or deeper. The absence of a slit lamp — the cornea should not be instrumented without magnification. With a suspected chemical injury…

ECG Criteria for STEMI (ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction)

…or equal to 1 mm These criteria for the other leads apply in the absence of left ventricular hypertrophy or left bundle branch block [8…

Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…widespread acceptance was delayed, partly due to autopsy studies demonstrating an absence of coronary thrombi in a significant proportion of deceased patients. Historically referred to…

Fractional Flow Reserve and Non-Hyperaemic Pressure Ratios

…precisely, FFR compares the pressure driving flow distal to a stenosis with the pressure that would be available in the absence of that stenosis. The…

Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Myocardial Viability Assessment and Revascularization

…although its absence does not exclude ischemic cardiomyopathy Symptoms related to recurrent ischemia Symptoms associated with ventricular arrhythmias The prognosis is especially unfavorable when ischemic…

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