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No-Reflow Phenomenon During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Prevention and Treatment

…the absence of a major residual epicardial obstruction. No reflow is associated with serious short and long term outcomes. Its occurrence is associated with an…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…is not a test for BPPV. It is used in the acute vestibular syndrome — continuous vertigo with spontaneous nystagmus, nausea and difficulty walking that has…

Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: Causes, Work-up and Management

…Coronary mechanisms Coronary mechanisms include: Plaque rupture or plaque erosion with thrombosis, despite the absence of an angiographically obstructive lesion Coronary embolism or thrombus Epicardial…

Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…department arrival) and the neurological status assessed at 30 days was evaluated. The findings were as follows: The absence of a pupillary reflex demonstrated a…

Terminology of sudden cardiac arrest and resuscitation

…Sudden and unexpected cardiac arrest with loss of mechanical cardiac function. Results in loss of consciousness, cessation of breathing, and absence of a palpable pulse…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…The absence of a slit lamp — the cornea should not be instrumented without magnification. With a suspected chemical injury the priorities are reversed: irrigate first…

ECG Criteria for STEMI (ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction)

…or equal to 1 mm These criteria for the other leads apply in the absence of left ventricular hypertrophy or left bundle branch block [8…

Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…the past century. Initial post mortem observations in the late 19th century first linked thrombotic occlusion of a coronary artery with myocardial necrosis. Although early…

Fractional Flow Reserve and Non-Hyperaemic Pressure Ratios

…precisely, FFR compares the pressure driving flow distal to a stenosis with the pressure that would be available in the absence of that stenosis. The…

Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Myocardial Viability Assessment and Revascularization

…produce post ischemic stunning. In the absence of infarction, contractile recovery can occur rapidly after reperfusion, with recovery generally occurring within one week. By contrast…

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