…and the superior gluteal artery are avoided. The patient lies on their side with the knee slightly flexed. Place the palm on the greater trochanter…

…CPAP delivers a constant pressure that recruits alveoli and unloads the heart, whereas bilevel NIV delivers pressure support above the expiratory pressure and thereby increases…

…mm) to 100 ms. Intervals and durations QTc — decision thresholds At a QTc above 500 ms: stop QT prolonging drugs, correct the potassium to 4…

…not exclude dangerous hyperkalaemia. Record a 12 lead ECG and start cardiac monitoring at a plasma potassium above 6.0 mmol/L, and at lower…

… A single blood pressure value does not define a hypertensive emergency. Even a blood pressure above 220/120 mmHg can occur without acute organ damage…

…not met with statins alone. PCSK9 Inhibitors: Added in cases where LDL C remains above the goal despite statin and ezetimibe therapy. Goal: Achieve LDL…

…cholesterol (LDL C), particularly when statins cannot be tolerated or when LDL C remains above goal despite maximally tolerated therapy. It is a prodrug activated…

…1.73 m², excess urinary albumin excretion—typically a spot urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) above 30 mg/g—or both. The eGFR is…

…Myocardial injury Myocardial injury is a biochemical diagnosis defined by at least one cardiac troponin value above the assay specific 99th percentile upper reference limit…

…parts are above the baseline. T wave inversions are frequently misunderstood, particularly in the setting of ischemia. Normal T wave inversion An isolated (single) T…