…antihypertensives, should prompt clinical suspicion [1]. Cardiac Signs and Symptoms Patients often present with symptoms of predominant right heart failure, including lower extremity edema, ascites…

…and the development of AF is common following the successful ablation of typical flutter. Furthermore, typical flutter frequently emerges in patients undergoing pharmacological treatment for…

…Oral vancomycin (only for C. difficile) is likewise dosed independently of renal function. Require drug concentration monitoring Drug Comment : : Vancomycin (intravenous) Loading dose by weight…

ECG Myocardial ischemia and infarction The ECG in the assessment of myocardial reperfusion The ECG is an invaluable tool to assess whether an occlusion has…

…repolarization and provoke ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. The likelihood of clinically significant EMI is generally low, particularly with bipolar electrocautery performed away from the…

…left ventricular hypertrophy. Among patients with NSTE ACS undergoing angiography, approximately 10% have no critical epicardial stenosis. In some of these patients, microvascular obstruction or…

…help determine expected normal values based on body surface area (BSA), aiding in the diagnosis of aortic root dilation. Key Formulas BSA Calculation (Mosteller formula): [ …

…fibrillation (AF) undergoing anticoagulation therapy, particularly with warfarin. Developed from the ATRIA study cohort, this score aids clinicians in estimating the risk of bleeding complications…

…single loading dose of 60 mg. Maintenance dose : 10 mg once daily. For UA/NSTEMI patients undergoing coronary angiography within 48 hours of hospital admission…