…left ventricular hypertrophy. Among patients with NSTE ACS undergoing angiography, approximately 10% have no critical epicardial stenosis. In some of these patients, microvascular obstruction or…

…Patient preferences, local expertise and operator or institutional experience Assessment of coronary complexity The SYNTAX score is used to characterize coronary anatomical complexity. It incorporates…

…pharmacological stress Local expertise and adequate echocardiographic facilities are available Risk stratification is required in established or suspected CAD The extent or location of ischaemia…

…Oral vancomycin (only for C. difficile) is likewise dosed independently of renal function. Require drug concentration monitoring Drug Comment : : Vancomycin (intravenous) Loading dose by weight…

ECG Myocardial ischemia and infarction The ECG in the assessment of myocardial reperfusion The ECG is an invaluable tool to assess whether an occlusion has…

…repolarization and provoke ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. The likelihood of clinically significant EMI is generally low, particularly with bipolar electrocautery performed away from the…

…help determine expected normal values based on body surface area (BSA), aiding in the diagnosis of aortic root dilation. Key Formulas BSA Calculation (Mosteller formula): [ …

…or those undergoing aortic valve replacement [1, 5, 10]. A history of increasing frequency of hospitalizations and visits for heart failure without disease recognition in…

…fibrillation (AF) undergoing anticoagulation therapy, particularly with warfarin. Developed from the ATRIA study cohort, this score aids clinicians in estimating the risk of bleeding complications…