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Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

…Type II: is confined to the ascending aorta. Type III: originates in the descending aorta, usually just distal to the left subclavian artery. Type IIIa…

Third-degree AV block (3rd degree AV block, AV block 3, AV block III)

…is synonymous with AV dissociation, complete AV block, AV block III and AV block 3. In third degree AV block, no atrial impulses are conducted…

🟠 Antiarrhythmic drugs in acute ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation)

…Propranolol Class III K + channel blockers (prolongs action potential) Amiodarone , Dronedarone, Dofetilide, Ibutilide, Sotalol Class IV Non dihydropyridine L type Ca 2+ channel blockers Diltiazem…

Inclisiran and Emerging Lipid-Lowering Agents

…Definition and therapeutic rationale Inclisiran is a liver directed small interfering RNA (siRNA) designed to reduce production of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)…

Antiarrhythmic drugs in ventricular tachyarrhythmias

…Propranolol Class III K + channel blockers (prolongs action potential) Amiodarone , Dronedarone, Dofetilide, Ibutilide, Sotalol Class IV Non dihydropyridine L type Ca 2+ channel blockers Diltiazem…

ECG J wave syndromes: hypothermia, early repolarization, hypercalcemia & Brugada syndrome

…anterolateral (V3, V4, V5, V6) and inferior (II, aVF and III) leads. There are four principal causes of J waves, namely hypothermia, Brugada syndrome, early…

Overview of atrioventricular (AV) blocks

…type 2 . Second degree AV block (particularly Mobitz type 2) requires treatment. Third degree AV block Synonyms: complete heart block, AV dissociation, AV block III…

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Assessment and Treatment

…High Obesity 35.0–39.9 II Very high Extreme obesity ≥40 III Extremely high BMI is useful for screening and population level risk estimation…

Indications for pacemaker

…II, type 2 Some atrial impulses (P waves) are blocked, but PR interval is constant. Yes. AV block III No atrial impulses reach the ventricles…

Sinus bradycardia: definitions, ECG, causes and management

…the left ventricle. This type of bradycardia is due to diminished automaticity (pacemaker function) in the sinoatrial node or conduction defects (e.g. second degree…

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