…not established. Indications Lesion Freeze time per cycle Number of cycles Margin : : : : Actinic keratosis, thin 5–10 s 1 1–2 mm Actinic keratosis, hypertrophic…

…mellitus and increases with age. STEMI may present as sudden onset breathlessness. Other less common presentations, with or without pain, include sudden loss of consciousness…

…and spotty calcification. However, the concept has important limitations. Although thin capped fibroatheromas may have imaging characteristics associated with rupture, fewer than 5% of such…

…70% of ACS presentations, plaque rupture typically occurs in thin cap fibroatheromas (TCFAs). These vulnerable plaques possess a massive necrotic lipid core and a highly…

…abundant foam cells and macrophages; a thin fibrous cap; positive remodelling; neovascularization; intraplaque haemorrhage; adventitial inflammation; spotty calcification. Nevertheless, the presence of these features does…

…characterized by angiography. Standard gray scale IVUS demonstrates the principal vessel wall layers and allows quantitative measurements of: minimum and maximum lumen diameter; lumen area…

…progressive, and highly complex lipid driven inflammatory disease of the arterial intima that serves as the fundamental pathophysiological substrate for acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including…