…is particularly vulnerable to toxic injury because of its high blood flow and the concentration of filtered substances along the nephron as water is reabsorbed…

…effects of these substances can potentially be reversed if interventions are promptly instituted. In scenarios where an antidote is not available, it is essential to…

…which may be unpleasant to the patient. This side effect lasts a few seconds. Case reports have indicated that the risk of high degree AV…

…40 g daily in females as capable of causing cardiomyopathy. Several mechanisms contribute: Direct toxic effects on cardiomyocytes Disruption of intracellular signalling and protein synthesis…

…toxicity presents as various arrhythmias, ranging from bradycardias related to enhanced vagal effect to life threatening tachyarrhythmias. Evaluation and Physical Examination Physical examination of a…

…to prevent recurrence of cerebrovascular diseases, such as: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Stroke Contraindications Cross reactivity: Do not administer to patients with a history of…

…of the drug's pharmacological effects are produced during its first passage through the circulation. Due to this rapid clearance, adenosine must be administered as…

…non ischemic HFrEF. Toxic and infiltrative causes are increasingly recognized. The burgeoning field of cardio oncology has highlighted the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines, HER2 inhibitors…

…to dust, gas or fumes. Preoperative assessment before thoracic or upper abdominal surgery in a patient with known lung disease. Follow up of treatment effect…

…dose , titrated against clinical effect. 2. Parenteral thiamine early , preferably before or at the same time as carbohydrate administration. 3. Rapid identification of seizures, delirium…