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🟠 Antiarrhythmic drugs in acute ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation)

…decrease (e.g due to sinus pause or post VPC pause) results in augmentation of early afterdpolarization amplitude (typically seen with large T wave amplitude)…

Antiarrhythmic drugs in ventricular tachyarrhythmias

…decrease (e.g due to sinus pause or post VPC pause) results in augmentation of early afterdpolarization amplitude (typically seen with large T wave amplitude)…

Brugada Syndrome: Diagnosis & SCD Prevention

…ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with structurally normal hearts [2] . Epidemiologically, BrS is responsible for up to 20% of sudden cardiac deaths in patients without…

Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Clinical Significance

…related to insulin resistance and the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease than total adiposity alone. The waist circumference associated with risk varies among populations…

🟠 QT Drugs: Drugs causing QT prolongation, torsade de pointes (TdP) and long QT syndrome (LQTS)

…de pointes (TdP) and long QT syndrome (LQTS) is presented below. With regards to drugs, the risk of QT prolongation and TdP varies markedly across…

Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

Cardiology Emergency medicine Surgery & trauma Definition and Pathophysiology Aortic dissection is a major form of acute aortic syndrome (AAS), alongside intramural haematoma, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer…

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Definitions and Initial Triage

…and pathophysiology Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) comprises a spectrum of clinical presentations caused by suspected acute myocardial ischaemia. It includes patients with recent changes in…

Chronic Coronary Syndrome: Diagnosis and Initial Evaluation

…The absence of chest pain does not exclude clinically important CCS. Silent or minimally symptomatic disease may occur in patients with diabetes and autonomic neuropathy…

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…elderly, or patients with diabetes [4]. Associated Findings: The sudden onset of symptoms coupled with diaphoresis should always raise concern for a cardiovascular cause [4]…

Pre-test Probability and Selection of Non-invasive Testing in Stable Angina

…refractory to guideline directed medical therapy, occur at a low level of exertion, or are associated with high event risk. The apparent differences between thresholds…

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