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Relaxation of the left ventricle

…Increased afterload causes impaired diastolic function. Myocardial synchronization Myocardial synchronization refers to the sequence of activation of the ventricular myocardium. The ventricles should be depolarized…

Technical aspects of the ultrasound image

…focusing ultrasound waves The direction and focus of ultrasound waves can be adjusted by varying the sequence of activation of the piezoelectric crystals (Figure 3…

The ischemic cascade

Cardiology The ischemic cascade The ischemic cascade describes the sequence of events during myocardial ischemia, beginning with perfusion abnormalities and ultimately leading to chest pain…

Status epilepticus: quick reference for emergency treatment

…ladder below follow the Swedish local sequence given in the original article. International guidelines and studies support the same principles, but local choices of drug…

🟠 Antiarrhythmic drugs in acute ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation)

…polymorphic VT) or digitalis toxicity. Torsade de pointes (TdP) Definition : Polymorphic VT that results from long QT syndrome (LQTS). TdP occurs exclusively in individuals with…

Antiarrhythmic drugs in ventricular tachyarrhythmias

…polymorphic VT) or digitalis toxicity. Torsade de pointes (TdP) Definition : Polymorphic VT that results from long QT syndrome (LQTS). TdP occurs exclusively in individuals with…

Intraventricular conduction delay: bundle branch blocks & fascicular blocks

…to diagnose them. Altered electrical axis – Changes in the depolarization sequence may also alter the electrical vectors and thus the electrical axis. Overview of bundle

Ventricular Tachycardia

…PMVT): Characterized by a continuously changing QRS morphology and axis, indicating a dynamic sequence of ventricular activation. PMVT is frequently associated with acute myocardial ischemia…

Vasovagal Syncope: Diagnosis, Tilt Testing and Treatment

…and finally a reduction in heart rate. This sequence is characteristic of neurally mediated hypotension. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms Vasovagal syncope is frequently preceded by…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…the possibility of rapid reversal with an antidote. Intubation is recommended for neurological, respiratory or haemodynamic failure that cannot be corrected quickly. Rapid sequence induction…

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