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Sepsis and septic shock: quick reference for the first hour

…most of the evidence was observational and the results must not be taken to mean that an electronic alert replaces clinical judgement [5]. Recognising sepsis…

Cardiac arrest during sepsis

…DW, Wickman LL, Swart GL. The hemodynamic and arterial blood gas response to asphyxiation: a canine model of pulseless electrical activity. Resuscitation 1995; 30:16975…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…necrosis advances from the subendocardium towards the subepicardium over several hours. The extent and tempo of injury are influenced by collateral flow, myocardial oxygen consumption…

Care after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

…if feasible, be transferred to such centers. Post cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) Post cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) emerges after ROSC or initiation of ECMO. The…

Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

…of filtration. Oliguria may be due to hypovolaemia, shock, obstruction or advanced renal injury. Conversely, significant AKI may be non oliguric, particularly after nephrotoxins, sepsis…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…studies of neutropenic patients. In septic shock, or where sepsis is highly likely, antibiotics must be given immediately [3]. This quick reference applies chiefly to…

Oxygen therapy

…shock, sepsis, major trauma, unconsciousness — until the saturation can be measured reliably. Conditions in which oxygen is given irrespective of the saturation (see below). Oxygen…

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Definitions and Initial Triage

…to the neck, jaw, shoulders, back, or one or both arms. Indigestion or heartburn, particularly when associated with nausea or vomiting. Persistent shortness of breath…

Interpreting NT-proBNP and BNP in Clinical Decision-Making

…plasma concentrations of the two peptides are not interchangeable. Natriuretic peptide concentrations reflect haemodynamic stress, but their release is not specific to left ventricular systolic…

Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: Mechanisms and Management

…is characterised by myocyte necrosis and troponin elevation due to mechanisms other than myocardial ischaemia. Acute myocardial injury may arise from conditions such as sepsis…

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