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Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Revascularisation Strategy

…to patients with symptoms. Current guidance supports revascularisation for significant left main stenosis irrespective of symptomatic status or the documented ischaemic burden. In chronic coronary…

Left atrial enlargement (P mitrale) & right atrial enlargement (P pulmonale) on ECG

…first half of the P wave is therefore a reflection of right atrial activation and the second half is a reflection of left atrial activation…

Vulnerable Plaque and Mechanisms of Acute Coronary Occlusion

…hypertension with or without left ventricular hypertrophy. Among patients with NSTE ACS undergoing angiography, approximately 10% have no critical epicardial stenosis. In some of these…

ECG interpretation: Characteristics of the normal ECG (P-wave, QRS complex, ST segment, T-wave)

…the left ventricle is many times larger than the vector generated by the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of left ventricular…

Sinus bradycardia: definitions, ECG, causes and management

…the inferior wall of the left ventricle. This type of bradycardia is due to diminished automaticity (pacemaker function) in the sinoatrial node or conduction defects…

Ejection fraction (EF): Physiology, Measurement & Clinical Evaluation

…or supranormal ejection fraction , despite manifest heart failure and severe symptoms. These individuals exhibit pronounced hypertrophy, resulting in a reduction of ventricular volume and subsequently…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…mass. Tamponade occurs when intrapericardial pressure equals or exceeds right atrial pressure. The haemodynamic consequences are progressive impairment of right and left sided filling, reduced…

Amiodarone: Loading, Maintenance Dosing and Monitoring Schedule

…negligible, and doses do not require reduction in patients with renal disease; neither amiodarone nor desethylamiodarone is dialyzable. The volume of distribution is large, averaging…

Overview of the ECG Waves, Deflections, Intervals, Durations

…left ventricle is usually considerably larger than the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of the electrical potentials generated by the left…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

…generally results from abrupt reduction in coronary blood flow caused by thrombotic occlusion of a previously atherosclerotic artery. Plaque erosion or rupture exposes thrombogenic material…

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