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Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…It generally results from accumulation of pericardial fluid, blood, or, less commonly, a mass. Tamponade occurs when intrapericardial pressure equals or exceeds right atrial pressure…

Left atrial enlargement (P mitrale) & right atrial enlargement (P pulmonale) on ECG

…atria are depolarized sequentially, with the right atrium being depolarized before the left atrium. The first half of the P wave is therefore a reflection…

Atrial fibrillation: quick reference for emergency management

…dose in atrial fibrillation Criteria for dose reduction according to FASS : : : Apixaban 5 mg × 2 2.5 mg × 2 if at least two of: age…

ECG interpretation: Characteristics of the normal ECG (P-wave, QRS complex, ST segment, T-wave)

…to the onset of the QRS complex. The PR interval is assessed in order to determine whether impulse conduction from the atria to the ventricles…

Diuretic Strategy and Decongestion in Heart Failure

…Congestion is a central expression of the heart failure syndrome and reflects excessive retention of sodium and water, with expansion of both the intravascular and…

Ivabradine: Indications, Dosing and Heart-Rate Targets

…By inhibiting the intracellular portion of its transmembrane pore, ivabradine reduces the slope of diastolic depolarisation and produces a dose dependent reduction in sinus rate…

P-wave, PR interval, PR segment: physiology, criteria & ECG findings

…atria are depolarized sequentially, with the right atrium being depolarized before the left atrium. The first half of the P wave is therefore a reflection…

Interpreting NT-proBNP and BNP in Clinical Decision-Making

…renal sodium and water excretion, and reduction of cardiac fibrosis through activation of the natriuretic peptide A receptor. NT proBNP is an inactive cleavage product…

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Outcomes

Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and Pathophysiology Dietary patterns are the overall combinations of foods habitually consumed rather than isolated nutrients considered independently. For cardiometabolic health…

Anticoagulants: quick reference for dosing, renal adjustment and reversal

…to restart it after the procedure. Document the restart date in the medical record. Sources ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Internetmedicin, DOACs…

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