…water or sodium chloride 9 mg/mL. The volume matters more than the fluid; irrigate under pressure through a 20 mL syringe and a large…

…whereas larger aneurysms generally expand more rapidly. Rapid enlargement is defined in the source recommendations as at least 10 mm per year or at least…

…large myocardial infarction in fewer than 3%, and stroke in 0.1–0.4%. Risk is substantially higher in older patients, emergency or urgent procedures…

…relief. Surgical repair or valve replacement is considered when medical therapy is insufficient, or when concomitant valvular disease (e.g mitral stenosis) requires intervention. Valve…