…with antianginal drugs and PCI or CABG, daily or weekly angina remains present in approximately 2%–24% of patients with CAD. The pathophysiology of refractory…

…the heart cannot provide blood flow commensurate with the body’s requirements, or can do so only at the expense of abnormally high filling pressures…

…least 2–3 cm of free fluid depth with no bowel in the path of the needle and measure the skin to peritoneum distance. 2…

…and step 2 Refractory status: contact anaesthesia, intensive care and neurology; intubate as needed and start anaesthetic treatment with EEG After clinical cessation of the…

…role of sensitized sensory nerve endings and afferent neural pathways in causing chronic refractory cough, akin to chronic neuropathic pain. This syndrome presents with a…

…instability and represents approximately 5–10% of cases. Intermediate high risk PE occurs in haemodynamically stable patients with both RV dysfunction on imaging and elevated…

…antihypertensives, should prompt clinical suspicion [1]. Cardiac Signs and Symptoms Patients often present with symptoms of predominant right heart failure, including lower extremity edema, ascites…

…will be blocked at that point. The length of the refractory period (see Basic Cardiac Electrophysiology) varies with heart rate. The length is shortened as…

…during the refractory period. Figure 6. Tachyarrhythmia with ventricular pacing. Failure to capture Definition : pacing does not result in myocardial activation. Two types of failure…

…corticosteroids, inhaled bronchodilators and nebulised adrenaline never replace intramuscular adrenaline [1,2]. Delayed administration of adrenaline is associated with more severe and more protracted reactions…