…Choice of vessel The radial artery is the first choice : superficial, easy to compress, with a dual collateral supply to the hand through the palmar…

…and echocardiographic assessment The importance of systolic function can be understood on an intuitive basis. Consider the fact that the left ventricle contracts and ejects…

…of longitudinal, radial, and circumferential contraction. Thus, methods such as ejection fraction may provide easily obtained parameters, but fail to provide important insights into left…

…transfusion with radial access. Radial access has also been associated with lower overall major adverse cardiac events and mortality in pooled analyses of randomized trials…

…Palpation of pulses : carotid, femoral or radial artery. According to current guidelines, laypeople do not need to perform the 3 rd assessment (reliable assessment of…

…placed perpendicular to the long axis of the left ventricle, as illustrated in Figure 1. One obvious disadvantage of M mode is that it only…

…tunica adventitia , respectively. Figure 1. Layers of the left ventricular wall, pericardium and ventricular cavity. The endocardium The endocardium lines the atria, ventricles and the…

…diversity within racial groups and can lead to misestimations. Clinical implications While the MDRD eGFR calculator has significantly advanced the detection and management of CKD…