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Ezetimibe: Place in Therapy and Expected LDL-C Reduction

…Definition and pharmacological basis Ezetimibe is a non statin lipid lowering agent that inhibits the Niemann–Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) transporter in the intestine…

Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (PISA)

…fundamental in the management of valvular conditions, such as aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, mitral valve stenosis, mitral valve regurgitation, etc. The radius of PISA is…

🟠 Tricuspid valve

Tricuspid valve regurgitation Primary parameters Mild regurgiation Moderate regurgitation Severe regurgitation PISA radius < 0,6 0,6 0,9 0,9 Vena contracta (cm…

🟠 Mitral valve

…normal or dilated dilated Size left ventricle normal normal or dilated dilated Additional PISA parameters Mild regurgiation Moderate regurgitation Severe regurgitation Regurgitation volume (ml/beat…

🟠 Right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary artery pressure

…cm 1.5–2.1 2.2–2.5 2.6–2.9 3.0 RV SIZE AND FUNCTION (MEASURED IN A4C) RV diastolic area…

Echocardiography

…22 36 mm Descending aorta 20 30 mm ​Indexing means that the value is adjusted for body surface area (BSA), given in square metres. Aorta…

🟠 Aorta, aortic stenosis (AS), aortic regurgitation (AR)

…normal or enlarged enlarged Size left ventricle normal normal or enlarged enlarged Additional PISA parameters Mild regurgitation Moderate regurgitation Severe regurgitation EROA (cm²) < 0…

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