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Basic cardiac pacing, pacemaker functions and settings

ECG Stimulation threshold As previously discussed, myocardium may be excited by external electrical stimuli that drive the cells to threshold. Stimulation threshold is the minimum…

Introduction to Coronary Artery Disease (Ischemic Heart Disease)

…disease peaked in the 1970s and have declined steadily ever since. The marked decline in death rates and case fatality is most likely explained by…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…shape and reaction to light. A teardrop shaped or peaked pupil suggests perforation. Look for hyphaema — blood with a fluid level in the anterior chamber…

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