…Consequently, current guidelines recommend a 3 generation family history and consideration of genetic testing for all patients with non ischemic HFrEF. Toxic and infiltrative causes…

…elderly, or patients with diabetes [4]. Associated Findings: The sudden onset of symptoms coupled with diaphoresis should always raise concern for a cardiovascular cause [4]…

…encountering a patient with chest pain the primary task is to exclude or verify the following potentially life threatening causes of chest pain: Ischemic heart…

…Symptoms of congestion Dyspnea is the dominant presenting symptom in acute decompensated heart failure and occurs in more than 90% of patients presenting with the…

…of AV blocks (AV block 1, 2 & 3) Evaluation of patients with suspected AV blocks requires a thorough medical history (with emphasis on causes of…

…associated with older age, female sex, Black race, lower socioeconomic or uninsured status, a history of angina or diabetes, and consultation with relatives or physicians…

…is required. Patients with suggestive symptoms, signs or a medical history indicating possible secondary hypertension should undergo appropriate screening for an underlying secondary cause. Evaluation…

…a family history of high Lp(a); individuals with cardiovascular disease that is not explained by major conventional risk factors; patients at moderate risk or…

…risk of atherosclerotic plaque rupture is increased during infections). As noted by Bonow et al, it is also reasonable to believe that patients with heart…

…be discovered. Diagnosis of this syndrome is based on ECG, family history and clinical presentation. Patients present with syncope, early onset of atrial fibrillation, ventricular…