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Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Statins as First-Line Treatment

…dL (≥1.4 to <1.8 mmol/L). Non statin treatment for patients who are statin intolerant. Possible concurrent initiation of ezetimibe with maximally tolerated…

Digoxin: Dosing, Therapeutic Range and Toxicity Management

…fibrillation, particularly when other therapeutic options cannot be pursued. Patients receiving digoxin may present with symptoms of digitalis toxicity, which manifests across multiple organ systems…

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Indications, Efficacy and Access

…specified by the guideline. PCSK9 inhibitors are also relevant in statin intolerant patients who remain above goal despite alternative lipid lowering therapy. Evolocumab and alirocumab…

Warfarin therapy

…are investigated before starting. A referral or notification to the anticoagulation clinic, and a decision on who will dose during the first week. Written patient…

Ezetimibe: Place in Therapy and Expected LDL-C Reduction

…a 50% reduction from baseline. For a patient who experiences a recurrent atherothrombotic event while receiving maximally tolerated statin therapy, an LDL C goal below…

Inclisiran and Emerging Lipid-Lowering Agents

…lipoprotein(a) are variable or modest. In phase III studies involving patients with ASCVD or at least one ASCVD risk equivalent who were receiving statins…

Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

…important pauses. In an ICD patient, EMI may be interpreted as ventricular tachyarrhythmia and trigger inappropriate antitachycardia treatment unless detection and therapy are disabled. Conversely…

Antibiotic dosing in renal impairment: quick reference

…2025/2026 and are given for absolute eGFR in mL/min , not eGFR relative to 1.73 m². Recalculate in patients who are markedly larger…

Care after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

…reasoning. Cardiac arrest care is advanced and should preferably only be conducted in specialized centers. Patients who are not in specialized cardiac arrest centers should…

Interpretation of ECG after ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation)

…The COACT, PEARL and TOMAHAWK trials studied patients with ROSC who did not display ST segment elevations and randomized them to urgent angiography. These trials…

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