…and in whom intravenous access is available. The effect arrives within a minute but is also short-lived — the bolus reverses unconsciousness but does not…

…pump and not vascular tone. Strong β₁ effect with marked β₂ effect means that stroke volume increases while systemic vascular resistance falls at low doses…

…or a patient with an allergic reaction to receive a full steroid dose without an injection, and the long biological duration means a single dose…

…V2 receptor means it lacks the vasoconstrictive effect of vasopressin. The danger is not the drug itself but the fluid the patient drinks with it.

…SSRIs and one of the best tolerated for depression and generalised anxiety disorder. What governs dosing is not efficacy but the heart: a dose-dependent…

…poorly, but it is not entirely free of sedation: a distinct minority of patients become drowsy, and this should be asked about in professional drivers…

…blood pressure, or conduction — it inhibits the funny current (If) that drives spontaneous depolarisation of the sinus node and does nothing else. It therefore works…

…glucagon is instead an inotrope that bypasses the blocked beta receptor, and the doses are five to ten times higher. Never confuse the two indications.

…and stabilises the circulation — the indirect sympathetic stimulation makes ketamine the first choice for induction in the bleeding, septic, or otherwise preload-dependent patient, and…

…the bleeding-prone patient, and when surgery or thrombolysis may become necessary at short notice. The disadvantages are continuous infusion, an unpredictable dose–response relationship…

…acute psychotic agitation in younger patients, and tenths of a milligram in delirium in the elderly, where the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible…

…osteoporosis and the best-documented fracture-preventing treatment in primary care. Efficacy for vertebral and hip fractures is well established, but depends on the patient…

…positive inotropy and vagal AV-node slowing. Rate control fails under adrenergic stress — making it a poor choice for the active patient and a reasonable…

…a rectal ointment remains registered — so oral and intravenous diltiazem require a named-patient licence. Verapamil or a beta-blocker is therefore the practical first…

…att patienten tar tabletten rätt. Ung och hjärtfrisk patient kan starta på full substitutionsdos omkring 1,6 μg/kg, medan äldre och patienter med…

…i dag i huvudsak är förskonat från. Indikationen är verifierad eller starkt misstänkt ESBL, svikt på bredspektrumpenicillin, eller sepsis hos patient med känd multiresistent flora.

…blodtryckssänkning som är själva priset för den kontrollen. Propofol är inte analgetiskt: en patient som rör sig under ingreppet har ont, inte för lite propofol…

…och förstahandsval när warfarineffekt måste hävas omedelbart. Full effekt inom tio minuter och i en volym som en blödande patient tål, till skillnad från plasma…

…naloxon klingar av långt före metadon, depotoxikodon och de flesta fentanylanaloger, och en patient som vaknat till kan sjunka tillbaka i apné en halvtimme senare.

…fyra doser. Naproxen har den mest gynnsamma kardiovaskulära profilen bland NSAID och är därför förstahandsval när ett NSAID måste ges till patient med hjärt-kärlsjukdom.

…approximately 80 % of absorbed drug is eliminated renally, so renal function governs treatment entirely. Dyspepsia affects one in ten patients and is the most common…

…the standard choice in pneumonia in penicillin-allergic patients and in atypical pneumonia, but the age limit of 8 years and pregnancy significantly restrict use.

…a half-life of 9 minutes and the effect gone 20–30 minutes after the infusion ends, it is useful in patients where beta-blockade…