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Post-Infarction Mechanical Complications: Ventricular Septal, Free-Wall, and Papillary Muscle Rupture

…In the catastrophic form, an acute tear causes haemopericardium, tamponade, and sudden: Loss of pulse. Loss of blood pressure. Loss of consciousness. Electromechanical dissociation or…

NSTEMI (Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction) & Unstable Angina: Diagnosis, Criteria, ECG, Management

…angina is less severe than the pain in acute STEMI. This is explained by the fact that NSTEMI and unstable angina are caused by partial …

Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…a result, pupils often dilate widely within 30–120 seconds of cardiac arrest and light reactivity is lost when cerebral blood flow ceases. In other…

Interpretation of myocardial perfusion images (Myocardial SPECT / PET)

…Irreversible defects : Suggestive of infarction or scar tissue, where perfusion remains reduced under both conditions. Reverse redistribution : A less common pattern where defects appear worse…

STEMI (ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction): Diagnosis, ECG, Criteria, and Management

…fibrillation cause the vast majority of all deaths in the acute phase of STEMI. Death due to ventricular dysfunction, or mechanical complications, is much less…

Cardiac arrest due to hypoxia and asphyxia

…Wallmuller C, Meron G, Kurkciyan I, et al. Causes of in hospital cardiac arrest and influence on outcome. Resuscitation 2012;83:120611. Wood S. Interactions…

Capnography (end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, ETCO2) during cardiac arrest

…ECMO) initiation ( Soar et al ). ETCO 2 trends can vary during CPR depending on various factors such as the cause of cardiac arrest, compression efficacy…

Classification of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) & Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)

…without significant ST segment elevations on ECG. NSTE ACS is caused by partial occlusion of the artery (i.e. coronary blood flow is not completely…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…a bloodless field one works by feel, and by feel nail spicules are left behind — which is the commonest cause of recurrence. Indications Condition Procedure : …

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…divided clinically into: Complete intolerance: inability to tolerate any dose of any statin. Partial intolerance: inability to tolerate the dose required to achieve the patient…

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