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Interpreting NT-proBNP and BNP in Clinical Decision-Making

…dysfunction caused by pulmonary embolism Infiltrative cardiomyopathies, particularly cardiac amyloidosis Sepsis and other hyperdynamic states In cardiac amyloidosis, BNP or NT proBNP may be markedly…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…Sepsis Myocarditis Chronic kidney disease Cardiomyopathy Stroke or subarachnoid haemorrhage Takotsubo syndrome Pulmonary embolism Recent coronary revascularization Infiltrative disease, such as amyloidosis or sarcoidosis Other…

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Definitions and Initial Triage

…is generally related to an atherothrombotic event, whereas Types 2–5 MI have other mechanisms of myocardial ischaemia and necrosis. Unstable angina (UA) represents myocardial…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…saturation and capillary glucose. 3. Exclude immediately treatable threats without delay: hypoxia, hypoglycaemia, circulatory failure, sepsis, stroke, intracranial haemorrhage, seizure, poisoning and severe withdrawal. 4…

ECG changes due to electrolyte imbalance (disorder)

…electrolyte imbalances are clinically negligible (from an electrophysiological standpoint), whereas others may be life threatening. The most common and clinically most relevant electrolyte imbalances concern…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…used for type 1 myocardial infarction are fulfilled. The temporal relationship to stent implantation should always be specified. Coronary arterial thrombi are predominantly platelet rich…

Atrial flutter: classification, causes, ECG criteria and management

…most cardiac conditions may be associated with atrial flutter. As compared with several other supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, atrial flutter does not occur among otherwise healthy individuals…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…dangerous differential diagnoses [1,2]. STEMI and other ECG patterns suggesting acute coronary occlusion are time dependent conditions. The decision on immediate reperfusion is based…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…a sufficient effect. Contraindications Absolute: Cellulitis, a skin wound or other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…for pathological R wave progression is considerably lower than pathological Q waves and guidelines do not state any ECG criteria specific to R wave progression…

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