…parathyroid gland surgery, use of bisphosphonates, excess calcitonin, use of phenytoin, use of phosphate substitution, use of foscarnet. ECG changes due to hypocalcemia Common ECG…

…length Large thrombotic burdens increase procedural risk because thrombus can fragment, embolize to other coronary branches or vascular beds, propagate through gaps between stent struts…

…This is due to the fact that atrial flutter is caused by a macro re entry circuit (a large re entry circuit) and re entry…

…dangerous differential diagnoses [1,2]. STEMI and other ECG patterns suggesting acute coronary occlusion are time dependent conditions. The decision on immediate reperfusion is based…

…or other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint prosthesis in the adjacent joint. Known hypersensitivity to the…

…for pathological R wave progression is considerably lower than pathological Q waves and guidelines do not state any ECG criteria specific to R wave progression…

…are more prevalent in women. Chronic kidney disease and several other comorbidities also contribute to the disproportionate cardiovascular burden in women. Depression and anxiety are…

Cardiology Endocrinology & metabolism Definition and pathophysiology Secondary hypertension is elevated blood pressure attributable to a specific, identifiable underlying cause. It should be considered in every…

…aVR and often V1, and does not correspond to a specific coronary anatomic distribution [4, 5]. In contrast to acute myocardial infarction, pericarditis lacks prominent…

…is thought to involve the sensitization of sensory nerve endings due to the accumulation of bradykinin. ACE is responsible for metabolizing bradykinin and other tachykinins…