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Atrial flutter: classification, causes, ECG criteria and management

…be blocked. The degree of blocking in the atrioventricular node is specified by counting the number of flutter waves preceding each QRS complex. If 3…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…crush technique, stent fracture or collapse Lesion specific angiographic features Residual dissection at a stent margin, impaired flow into or out of the stent, stent…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…are more prevalent in women. Chronic kidney disease and several other comorbidities also contribute to the disproportionate cardiovascular burden in women. Depression and anxiety are…

Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac tamponade

…and other radiological examinations are most often required, in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium The pericardium…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…10–20 mg 20–40 mg 1–2 mL The doses follow the summaries of product characteristics: Lederspan specifies 10–20 mg periarticularly in bursitis…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…atherothrombosis. It is usually precipitated by disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque through rupture or erosion. The relative contributions of plaque disease and thrombus vary considerably…

Chronic Kidney Disease as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor

…and other arrhythmias or conduction abnormalities. CKD also worsens the prognosis of established CVD. Mechanisms linking CKD to cardiovascular disease The association is mediated by…

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview The evaluation of acute chest discomfort requires a systematic differential diagnosis, as the syndrome associated with ischemic heart disease…

Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Revascularisation Strategy

…involvement Coexisting multivessel disease The extent of jeopardized myocardium Left ventricular systolic function Diabetes and other comorbidities Anatomical complexity and completeness of possible revascularization A…

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