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Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…implantation should always be specified. Coronary arterial thrombi are predominantly platelet rich because they form under high shear conditions. Disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque or…

Atrial flutter: classification, causes, ECG criteria and management

…be blocked. The degree of blocking in the atrioventricular node is specified by counting the number of flutter waves preceding each QRS complex. If 3…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…heart failure. Routine opening of a persistently occluded infarct related artery in a stable and asymptomatic patient is by contrast not recommended [1,5]. STEMI…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…10–20 mg 20–40 mg 1–2 mL The doses follow the summaries of product characteristics: Lederspan specifies 10–20 mg periarticularly in bursitis…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…criteria specific to R wave progression. Figure 1. Pathological R wave progression is indicative of previous myocardial infarction. U wave changes New U waves (in…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…Female specific or female predominant factors associated with later cardiovascular risk include: Premature menopause Premature ovarian insufficiency Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy Preeclampsia Preterm delivery Gestational…

Secondary Hypertension: When and How to Investigate

…hypertension is elevated blood pressure attributable to a specific, identifiable underlying cause. It should be considered in every patient with newly diagnosed or referred hypertension…

ECG Criteria for STEMI (ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction)

…diagnosis of STEMI relies on specific electrocardiographic thresholds for ST segment elevation measured at the J point. The diagnostic criteria require new ST elevation in…

ACE Inhibitor Cough and Angioedema: Practical Management

…by specific adverse effects. Most of these adverse events are related to the suppression of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), such as decreases in…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…although some series report 10–20%. Other life threatening cardiopulmonary conditions account for approximately 5% of presentations in some populations. Despite this relatively low prevalence…

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