…limited compared with agents that inhibit other platelet pathways. The distinction between primary and secondary prevention is fundamental: Primary prevention refers to individuals without established…

…with cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction and heart failure. Compared with patients with primary hypertension matched for age, sex and blood pressure, affected patients…

Procedurer Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the commonest cause of vertigo in primary care and one of the few diagnoses that can be cured on…

…ECG signs and development of infarction Like all other cells in the human body, cardiac myocytes use ATP (adenosine triphosphate) as the primary energy source…

…captures triglyceride rich lipoproteins in addition to LDL and other apoB containing particles. Cardiovascular risk categories Primary prevention For adults aged 40–75 years without…

…unavailable in primary care. Before investigating secondary causes, pseudo resistance must be excluded. This includes: Poor adherence to antihypertensive treatment White coat hypertension Other contributors…

…with avoidance of second hand smoke and, where possible, other inhaled nicotine products. In cardiovascular medicine, the objective is not merely to reduce cigarette consumption…

…one of the most common symptoms in the emergency department, as well as in primary health care. The cause (etiology) of chest pain varies according…

…in persisting STEMI. 12 to 48 hours: primary PCI should be considered even if symptoms have subsided, particularly with continuing ischaemia, heart failure, electrical instability…

…tumour, primary biliary cholangitis, drugs Mixed Both raised Drug induced liver injury is the commonest cause Isolated bilirubin Unconjugated, the others normal Gilbert's syndrome…