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Foreign body in the ear and nose

…and a button battery is an emergency — it can cause perforation in seven hours. Indications Every foreign body in the ear canal or the nasal…

Causes of sudden cardiac arrest

…electrical current through the heart. Asphyxia Asphyxia as a result of external causes, for example foreign body, hanging or strangulation. Drug overdose Intentional or accidental…

Endocarditis: definitions, causes, diagnosis, echocardiography & treatment

…Other microorganisms, generally, cause subacute endocarditis. Endocarditis can affect native (own) valves and valve prostheses. As always, foreign materials pose a high risk of infection…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…accompany other ischemic ST T changes. They may occur in both NSTEMI and STEMI. QTc prolongation The QT (QTc) interval may be prolonged, shortened or…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…on intubation early. Initial assessment Confirm that the presentation fits an exacerbation A COPD exacerbation is an acute or subacute worsening of dyspnoea, cough and…

🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…anemia associated with neurological findings, renal failure, or fever. It's a potentially fatal condition that requires prompt treatment, including plasmapheresis. Interference with Platelet Function…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…a variant inherited from a parent. A de novo variant. Less commonly, autosomal recessive inheritance. X linked or other non autosomal dominant mechanisms. Complex or…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…is the principal therapeutic target in lipid management because LDL and other apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins play a causal role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)…

Myocardial Ischemia & infarction: Cellular changes, ECG and symptoms

…and infarction Myocardial ischemia: cellular changes, ECG signs and development of infarction Like all other cells in the human body, cardiac myocytes use ATP (adenosine…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…diagnosis at a non PCI hospital to wire crossing As quickly as possible, primary PCI if the total expected time is 120 minutes or less…

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